The Report contains European leveraged finance end-of-year market trends for 2023. In particular, it includes issuance and credit performance data for the high yield and leveraged loan markets. Key highlights: European leveraged finance issuance (leveraged loans and high yield bonds) accumulated €249bn in proceeds in 2023FY, a 4.6% decline from €261bn in 2022. The decrease was driven by lower leveraged loan origination partially offset by a 45% increase in high yield bond issuance. High yield bond issuance reached €66 billion in 2023, up from €45 billion in 2022 but below the pre-pandemic annual average of c€100bn per year. High yield bond proceeds were primarily used to repay or refinance debt (€29.8bn or 45% of the total), or for general corporate purposes (€27.5bn or 41.5% of the total). LBO activity declined in 2023, with only 5.1% of proceeds flowing for such purpose (from 16.6% in 2022). The financial, customer discretionary, and communications sectors accounted for 61.6% of high yield 2023 issuance. Leveraged loan origination stood at €183bn, a 15% decline from 2022 (€216bn) The healthcare, computers and electronics, professional services, and telecommunications sectors led 2023 loan origination, representing 45% of proceeds. Credit Quality: S&P reported the trailing 12-month speculative-grade bond default rate at 3.47% in December 2023, an increase from 2.16% in December 2022. Moody’s reported the speculative-grade default rate at 3.55% in December 2023, down from 7.8% in December 2022 but up from 2.61% of March 2023 The European leveraged loan default rate (by value) reported by Fitch increased to 4.39% in 2023, up from 0.63% in 2022. 17 bond defaults were reported by Moody's and Standard and Poor's during the last quarter of the year. Defaults were mostly due to distressed exchanges and missed interest payments. According to Reorg, 93% of the European leveraged loan deals examined in 2023 were covenant-lite.

This report presents the latest data on ESG bond and Loan issuance, ESG bonds outstanding, carbon market prices and futures, and global and European funds with an ESG mandate. The report also illustrates the evolution of the green premium in Europe and gives an overview of the near-term direction of regulation in the sector. Among the main findings of this report: Decline in ESG bond and loan issuance in 2023: ESG bond and loan issuance fell by 13.5% when compared to 2022. The decline was most predominantly observed towards the end of the year with Q3 and Q4 falling by 42% and 16% YoY respectively. The annual decline was partially offset by a 9.7% annual increase in European green bond issuance. French issuers led in 2023 by total ESG bond and loan issuance, followed by German and Italian issuers. Global ESG fund value rose notwithstanding net annual outflows: Higher asset prices led to an 8.7% increase in global ESG funds, reaching a total amount of $USD 9tn despite annual net outflows for $USD 19.2 bn. European funds with an ESG mandate faced annual net outflows for $USD 2.3 bn during the year. The ESG premium continued to fluctuate at c2bps during the year: The ESG premium remained relatively stable throughout 2023, moving within a range of 0.2 and 2.5 bps.

AFME is pleased to circulate the European Securitisation Data Snapshot for Q4 2023 and 2023 Full Year. Key highlights: Q4 2023 European Issuance In Q4 2023, EUR 42.2 bn of securitised product was issued in Europe, an increase of 6.5% from Q3 2023 (EUR 39.6 bn) and a decrease of 35.6% from Q4 2022 (EUR 65.5 bn). Of this, EUR 28.4 bn was placed, representing 67.3% of the total, compared to EUR 26.1 bn placed in Q3 2023 (representing 65.8% of EUR 39.6 bn) and EUR 11.6 bn placed in Q4 2022 (representing 17.7% of EUR 65.5 bn). In Q4 2023, Pan-European CLOs led placed totals, followed by UK RMBS and German Auto ABS: Pan-European CLOs increased from EUR 6.5 bn in Q3 2023 to EUR 7.9 bn in Q4 2023; UK RMBS decreased from EUR 6.0 bn in Q3 2023 to EUR 5.4 bn in Q4 2023; and German Auto ABS increased from EUR 2.3 bn in Q3 2023 to EUR 2.7 bn in Q4 2023. 2023 Full Year European Issuance In 2023, EUR 213.1 bn of securitised product was issued in Europe, an increase of 4.8% from the EUR 203.3 bn issued in 2022. Of this, EUR 94.6 bn was placed, representing 44.4% of the total, compared to EUR 79.7 bn placed in 2022, representing 39.2% of the total. In 2023, PanEuropean CLOs led placed totals (EUR 25.8 bn) followed by UK RMBS (EUR 22.9 bn) and German Auto ABS (EUR 11.1 bn).

Report highlights include: EU Member States and the UK issued EUR 850 bn in bonds and bills throughout 3Q23, which represents a decrease of 4% (QoQ) compared to 2Q23, and an increase of 21% (YoY) compared to 3Q22.In the Netherlands, issuance in 2023 year-to-date represents the highest Q1-Q3 issued volume since 2013. In Austria, 2023 year-to-date issuance represents the highest Q1-Q3 volume issued in any year on record. Record trading volumes continued in European (EU+UK) government bonds during Q3 2023, according to MarketAxess TraX, with trading increasing 18% (YoY) and decreasing 5% (QoQ). The top 3 quarters for highest average daily trading volumes (since 2014) all took place in 2023 year-to-date. In Italy, trading volumes increased 42% YoY and 3% QoQ during 3Q23 after the highest monthly turnover volume on record was traded in September 2023. Outstanding amount of European ESG government bonds reached EUR 411 bn during 3Q23. Volumes were driven by tap issuance by the UK (EUR 3.1 bn), Germany (EUR 1.5 bn) and France (EUR 1.0 bn) in their respective green programmes and an additional EUR 1.5 bn of green bills issued in Austria. The pace of growth in the outstanding volume of ESG sovereign bonds slowed to 1% during 3Q23, falling from 11% growth in 2Q23. During 3Q23 there were 3 long-term credit rating upgrades for European countries and 1 downgrade. This follows 2 upgrades and 1 downgrade in both 1Q23 and 2Q23, bringing the 2023 year-to-date total to 9 upgrades and 3 downgrades (there were 2 further upgrade and no downgrade in 3Q23 to date). In Greece, the recent upgrade has increased the credit rating of the country to investment grade, representing the first time since 2010 Greece has achieved this category of credit profile by one of the main credit rating agencies. The average bid-cover ratio (demand/amount allocated) was 2.12 in 3Q23, a decrease from 2.18 in 2Q23 and a decrease from 2.30 in 3Q22.

The Report contains European leveraged finance market trends for the third quarter of 2023, which includes issuance and credit performance figures for the high yield and leveraged loan markets. Key highlights: European leveraged finance issuance (leveraged loans and high yield bonds) accumulated €29 billion in proceeds in 3Q’23, a 47% decrease from €55 billion in 2Q’23 and down 48% from €55 billion in 3Q’22. High yield bond issuance totalled €17.2 billion on 46 deals in 3Q'23, a 14% decrease from €20 billion on 60 deals in 2Q’23 and a 244% increase from €5 billion on 20 deals in 3Q’22. The proportion of USD-denominated issuance went slightly down to 24.7% of all issuance in 3Q’23 from 24.8% in 2Q’23 but up from 17.7% in 3Q’22. Preliminary data for 4Q’23 as of end November shows no signs of a rapid rebound in issued amount, with a monthly average of €5.4bn in October and November of 2023 (vs. €5.7bn monthly average in 3Q’23). Leveraged loan issuance, including first lien, second lien, and mezzanine financing, totaled €29 billion in 3Q’23, down 47% from €54.9 billion in 2Q’23 and down 48% from €55.5 billion in 3Q’22. Three sectors accounted for 53% of leveraged loan issuance in 3Q’23. The leading sector was Healthcare (€6.8 billion or 23.5% of total), followed by Professional Services (€4.6 billion, 15.9%), and Food & Beverage (€3.9 billion, 13.5%), with the balance split between 17 other sectors. Credit quality: S&P reported the trailing 12-month speculative-grade bond default rate at 3.1% in September 2023, a slight increase from 3.06% in June 2023. Moody’s reported the speculative-grade default rate at 3.14% in September 2023, up from 2.96% in June 2023. There were 8 bond defaults reported in the 3Q’23 by Standard and Poor’s and Moody’s. The most frequent reasons were distressed exchange (for 5 of them) and missed principal payment (for 3 of them). Fitch reported an increase in European Leveraged Loan default rates (by number of deals) to 3.9% in September 2023 from 1.6% in December 2022. According to Reorg, 88% of the European leveraged loan deals examined in 3Q’23 were covenant-lite.

The report presents the latest data on prudential capital, leverage, and liquidity ratios for European GSIBs, and illustrates the performance of debt and contingent convertible (CoCo) securities issued by European banks. Among the main findings of this report: The end-point CET1 ratio of European GSIBs increased to 14.4% in Q3 2023 from 13.9% in Q4 2022: The increase was driven by lower RWAs and solid earnings retention. Interim dividends and buyback programmes have partially offset the gradual year-to-date and quarterly increase. Only during 3Q23, 7 out of the 11 GSIBs repurchased part of their capital. 8 out of the 29 monitored European countries increased their national countercyclical buffers in 3Q23. AT1 market resumes issuance, followed by lower risk premia: Following the market turbulence of March-May 2023, the AT1 market has shown signs of normalisation. AT1 issuance began to recover from the third quarter of 2023 and is currently on track to return to pre-March issuance levels. AT1 option-adjusted spreads have gradually tightened in tandem. Agreement reached on the Basel III package in the EU: The summary in the box on pages 20-23 outlines the agreement reached by the European Parliament and the European Council on December 6 on the CRR3 and CRD6 proposal, which will implement the final Basel III package in the EU and conclude an era of regulatory review of prudential standards for banking institutions. As we look ahead at a long and complex implementation phase, it is important that the EU is flexible with regards to the implementation date, particularly with respect to market risk standards, to ensure global consistency and avoid harming its capital market competitiveness.

AFME is pleased to circulate its Q3 2023 Securitisation Data Report. Main findings: In Q3 2023, EUR 39.6 bn of securitised product was issued in Europe, a decrease of 58.4% from Q2 2023 and an increase of 0.7% from Q3 2022. Of the EUR 39.6 bn issued, EUR 26.1 bn was placed, representing 65.8% of the total, compared to 21.3% of issuance in Q2 2023 and 48.2% of issuance in Q3 2022. Outstanding volumes (including CLOs) increased to EUR 1181.1 bn at the end of Q3 2023, an increase of 0.2% QoQ. Credit Quality: In Europe, upgrades comprised 78% of total rating actions by the main CRAs during Q3 2023, down from 91% of total rating actions during Q2 2023. STS issuance: In Q3 2023, EUR 18.2 bn of securitised product was notified as STS to ESMA and the FCA, representing 45.8% of the total issued volume in Q3 2023 (EUR 39.6 bn). Out of the EUR 18.2 bn in STS issuance, EUR 13.8 bn was placed, representing the highest quarterly EU+UK placed STS issuance since Q4 2019 and 53.1% of total placed issuance in Q3 2023 (EUR 26.1 bn). SRT issuance: Based on SCI data, quarterly SRT issuance in Europe reached EUR 24.8 bn in Q3 2023, an increase of 69.6% from Q2 2023 and a decrease of 14.2% from Q3 2022.

AFME is pleased to circulate itsEquity Primary Markets and Trading Report for the third quarter of 2023 (Q3 2023). The report provides an update on the performance of the equity market in Europe in activities such as primary issuance, Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), equity liquidity structure, and market valuations. Key findings: Equity underwriting on European exchanges for the first three quarters of 2023 rose 15% year-to-date (YtD) on the back of stronger secondary equity offerings (+23% YtD) and issuance of convertible securities (+167% YtD). The increase, however, is relative to a year of low equity capital raising as the issued amount in 2022 was a record low for Europe. The quarterly average raised in 2023 continues significantly below historic averages (€25bn in 2023 vs €45bn 2000-23 historic). IPOs continued subdued with €6.2bn issued in the first three quarters of 2023. This represents a decline of 54% against the same period of 2022 and the lowest year-to-date (YtD) since 2012. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) during the first three quarters of the year declined when measured as announced value (-37% YtD) and when measured as completed value (-48% YtD). Average daily equity trading on European main markets and MTFs stood at €74.6bn in the first three quarters of 2023, a 12% decrease compared to the same period of 2022. Q3’23 saw the second-lowest quarterly turnover ratio in our records (since records began in 2017). Double Volume Cap (DVC) update: The number of instruments suspended under the DVC has continued to decline in the course of the year, to 241 suspended instruments (183 at EU Level and 58 at TV level) as of November 2023. The number of suspended instruments is the lowest since April 2021 and the 4th lowest since the inception of the DVC mechanism. European equity trading mix: According to BigXYT data, on-venue trading represented 73% of the total addressable liquidity in Q3’23. Volume traded off-venues, on systematic internalisers and pure OTC, represent the remaining 27% of the volume of the total addressable liquidity.

AFME is pleased to circulate its European ESG Finance quarterly data report for the third quarter of 2023. The aim of this report is to provide detailed data and analysis on the rapidly growing Sustainable Finance market in Europe. This Report contains up to date trends for the European Sustainable Finance market as at 30 September 2023, as well as a high-level regulatory and supervisory snapshot. Key highlights: European ESG bond and loan issuance accumulated a total of €94bn in proceeds in Q3’23. This represented a decline of 48.8% year-on-year (YoY) and 46.5% quarter-on-quarter (QoQ). Green bond issuance decreased 30.7% YoY (-42.6% QoQ). Social bond issuance totalled €9bn in Q3’23 with an annual and quarterly decline of 44.3% YoY and 49.6% QoQ. Sustainable bond issuance decreased 42.5% YoY but increased 17.3% QoQ. Sustainability-linked and green loan origination decreased 68.6% YoY and -58.3% QoQ. One green RMBS for €895mm was issued in Q3’23, accumulating a total of c€2bn in ESG securitisation issuance year-to-date. Carbon prices decreased in the EU and UK during Q3’23, with European Union Allowance (EuA) carbon prices finalizing September 2023 at €80/Tn, from €87/Tn at the end of June. UK carbon prices accumulated a decline of 27% over the same period. Global ESG Funds reached $7.8tn in AuM as of Q3’23, representing a 6.7% increase from Q3’22 but a decrease of 11.3%when compared to Q2’23. The decline in Global ESG funds was accompanied by net investor outflowswhich accumulated a total of $37.2bn during Q3’23. ESG price premia: spreads of corporate ESG bonds against non-sustainable benchmarks did not materially change in the third quarter of the year, from c2bps at the start of July 2023 to c1.7bps in late September 2023. AFME new report: AFME has recently published a new report 'Sustainable Finance in the EU: Priorities to unlock financing and investment’. The paper outlines AFME members’ views and recommendations on the functioning of the current EU sustainable finance framework and the implementation challenges that banks face in applying it to financing companies.

AFME is pleased to circulate the European Securitisation Data Snapshot for Q3 2023. Key highlights: Q3 2023 European Issuance In Q3 2023, EUR 39.5 bn of securitised product was issued in Europe, a decrease of 58.6% from Q2 2023 (EUR 95.4 bn) and an increase of 0.4% from Q3 2022 (EUR 39.4 bn). Of this, EUR 24.4 bn was placed, representing 65.6% of the total, compared to EUR 20.3 bn placed in Q2 2023 (representing 21.3% of EUR 95.4 bn) and EUR 19.0 bn placed in Q3 2022 (representing 48.2% of EUR 39.4 bn). In Q3 2023, Pan-European CLOs led placed totals, followed by UK RMBS and German Auto ABS: Pan-European CLOs increased from EUR 4.9 bn in Q2 2023 to EUR 6.5 bn in Q3 2023; UK RMBS decreased from EUR 6.1 bn in Q2 2023 to EUR 6.0 bn in Q3 2023; and German Auto ABS increased from EUR 1.9 bn in Q2 2023 to EUR 2.3 bn in Q3 2023.